How to Perform Complex Merge Tasks in Git

[mouakter14]

With the work that goes into a development project, Git is a godsend. However, if you have a lot of players on the dance floor, one or two will step on each other's toes. For your project, this means that two developers can work on the same set of code and both can make commits. For these situations, you need to resort to some Git merge strategies to resolve the conflict.

While a Git merge can be straightforward, there are many other times when you need an advanced approach. In these cases, you'll use strategies like recursive merges, three-way merges, and more. You may even need to undo a Git merge at some point.

This tutorial will show you some complex Git merge techniques to add to your repertoire. In fact, let's dive right into the good stuff!

Introduction to Git Merge Strategies
The basic concept of merging is simple: you merge two branches together to turn multiple commits into one. However, there are a number of techniques you can employ to ensure you commit and merge the correct code.

Let’s look at some important strategies you should understand. They’re not in any order, and at some point in your career as a developer , you may need all of them. Additionally, you’ll also need a solid understanding of Git basics like pointers, branches, and commits.

The Difference Between Two-Way and Three-Way Merges
It's helpful to understand the difference between a two-way merge and its three-way counterpart. Most of the merge strategies we'll look at below deal with three-way situations. In fact, it's easier to talk about what a three-way merge is. Consider the following example:

You have a main branch with several commits and a canada whatsapp number data feature branch that also has commits.
However, if the main branch now makes more commits, both branches will diverge.
In simple terms, both the main branch and the feature branch have commits that the other does not have. If you merge them using a two-way approach, you will lose a commit (probably on the main branch ).
Instead, Git will create a new merge commit from the current master branch and feature branch.
In a nutshell, Git will look at three different snapshots to merge changes: the head of the main branch, the head of the feature branch, and the common ancestor. This will be the final commit common to both the main branch and the feature branch.

In practice, you won't have to worry about whether a given merge strategy is bidirectional or tridirectional. Many times, you'll have to use a strategy regardless. In any case, it's useful to know how Git "thinks" when it comes to merging branches and repos .

Merge Fast-Forward
The first strategy may not require any action from you to be executed. A fast-forward merge moves the pointer to the last commit on master without creating an additional commit (which can be confusing). It's a clean approach that many developers will use as a standard.

The technique starts with a main branch that may or may not have commits. In this case, you open a new branch, work on the code, and make commits. At this point, you also have to merge those changes back to the main branch . A quick merge has one requirement to be performed:

You need to make sure that no other commits occur on master while you are working on your new branch.

[yadaysrdone]

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